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Shropshire Routes to Roots

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Industrial development: Timeline

Year Day National Event Local Event Related Theme:Page
prehistory   Geological development of the Earth Coal, mineral and stone beds formed under Shropshire Shropshire's industrial heritage: Introduction
Roman Period     Romans mined south Shropshire for lead Shropshire's industrial heritage: Mineral mining
1701   Abraham Darby developed coke smelting First coke furnace built at Coalbrookdale  
1712   Thomas Newcommen built the first commercially successful steam engine    
1733   John Kay developed the flying shuttle, for textile manufacturing    
1772   Bridgewater canal linked to the Mersey, sparking 'canal mania'    
1779   World's first cast iron bridge built Bridge built at Coalbrookdale; designed by Shrewsbury architect Thomas Farnolls Pritchard  
1787     Telford appointed Surveyor of Public Works for Shropshire Exploring industrialisation: Pictorial sources
1791   Ordnance Survey established   Exploring industrialisation: Using maps
1796     Ellesmere Canal opened route to the mines of the Morda coalfield Shropshire's industrial heritage: Coal mining
1797   First iron-framed building built Ditherington Flax mill opened in Shrewsbury  
1800s early Working conditions very poor Hulbert and Marshall started to reform factories Shropshire's industrial heritage: Consumer manufacturing
1800s early   Gilpin developed iron chains Shropshire's industrial heritage: Coal mining
1801   Robert Trevithick demonstrated a steam locomotive    
1803     Thomas Boycott started writing his diary Exploring industrialisation: Personal sources
1821     Act allowing any rubbish and sewage to be thrown into the Severn Shropshire's industrial heritage: Consumer manufacturing
1823     'Noisy and troublesome' Jane Johnson entered the lunatic asylum Exploring industrialisation: Welfare records
1830   Manchester - Liverpool Railway began the first regular commercial rail service    
1832   Reform Act gave the vote to middle-class men, but not the poor or women   Chartism in Llanidloes: Introduction to Chartism
1834   Fox Talbot produced photographs   Exploring industrialisation: Pictorial sources
1834   Poor Law Amendment Act passed   Exploring industrialisation: Welfare records
1836   Tithe Commutation Act   Exploring industrialisation: Using maps
1837 July Grand Junction Railway Railway called at Whitmore, a station just outside Shropshire The day the canal came: The Age of Steam
1839 May 1   Chartist uprising in Llandiloes Chartism in Llanidloes: Chartism in Llanidloes
1839 November 4   Chartist uprising in Newport Chartism in Llanidloes: Afterwards
1842   Children's Employment Commission reports on the mines 12 year old James Pearce explained the nature of the girdle and chain Exploring industrialisation: Personal sources
1847   Mass emigration to America began John Barnaby left his farm in Montford and began a new life in America A Salopian in America: Introduction
1849   Public Health Act instructed authorities to clear up their areas Shrewsbury slow to respond; sanitation remained very poor Shropshire's industrial heritage: Consumer manufacturing
1851   Great Exhibition opened in London   Exploring industrialisation: Background
1851 March 30 National census Results for Wrockwardine showed lots of people in industry Exploring industrialisation: The census
1870     Hanwood coalfield discovered and mined Shropshire's industrial heritage: Coal mining
1872   Shropshire's mines supplied 10% of the country's requirement for iron ore Stiperstones lead mines produced 8000 tons of lead Shropshire's industrial heritage: Mineral mining
1895 March 6   Snaibeach mining disaster Shropshire's industrial heritage: Mineral mining
1913     Lead mining ceased at Snaibeach Shropshire's industrial heritage: Mineral mining
1928     Ifton colliery became the largest mine ever to operate in Shropshire Shropshire's industrial heritage: Coal mining
1940     Hanwood coalfield closed Shropshire's industrial heritage: Coal mining

Timewords

The roots of the Industrial Revolution were sewn several hundred million years ago, when mineral rocks were formed under the earth. The lead seams of Shropshire were first mined during the Roman occupation, but it was not until the end of the eighteenth century that industry started to take off in England.

Traditionally, the Industrial Revolution has been seen as lasting from the 1750s through to the end of the nineteenth century. However, many historians argue about whether the Industrial Revolution is the right word to use. Many suggest that industry increased gradually and naturally, rather than because of a single development - it was a case of industrial 'evolution', not 'revolution'.

Mines in Shropshire were still heavily worked until the middle of the twentieth century. Today, we are living in a period known as the technological revolution or the information age, as communications, computers and the internet change the way we work and live.

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